Microbial Role in Cleaning Environmental Pollution

Air pollution is mitigated using mechanical filtration, chemical neutralization, and increasingly, biological methods. Technologies such as electrostatic precipitators and scrubbers remove particulates and gases from industrial emissions, while catalytic converters reduce vehicular pollutants. Biofiltration systems, which use microbial communities to metabolize airborne toxins like VOCs and sulfur compounds, offer a sustainable alternative to chemical treatments. These biological systems are especially effective in treating odorous emissions from wastewater and composting facilities (Deshusses, 1997).