3. Medical Diagnostic Applications of Laser Technology

Laser-based diagnostics harness the precise, wavelength-specific interaction of light with tissues to detect, image, and analyze physiological and pathological conditions. These methods are non-invasive, offer high spatial resolution, and can provide real-time functional and structural data. By targeting tissue chromophores and exploiting optical phenomena such as scattering, fluorescence, and Doppler shifts, these technologies enable clinicians to monitor disease progression, guide surgical procedures, and make early diagnoses with minimal discomfort to patients (Barsom et al., 2016; Zafar et al., 2021).