1.2 What is Artificial Intelligence (AI)?

Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the development of computer systems that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. These tasks include learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and understanding language. A key subset of AI is Machine Learning (ML), where algorithms learn from data without being explicitly programmed. Deep Learning, a more advanced form of ML, uses complex neural networks to process vast amounts of data, mimicking the human brain's structure.