Basic Level

Web-based resources

How the Eyes Work - National Eye Institute (NEI)

https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/healthy-vision/how-eyes-work
Interactive explanation of ocular anatomy and light path through transparent media.

Photoreceptors: rods and cones - Khan Academy

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/health-and-medicine/nervous-system-and-sensory-infor/sight-vision/v/photoreceptors-rods-cones
Video lesson on photoreceptors and differences between scotopic and photopic vision.

Geometric Optics - PhET Interactive Simulations, University of Colorado Boulder

https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/geometric-optics/latest/geometric-optics_all.html
Interactive simulation: observe how focus and magnification vary with distance and lens curvature; connect results to myopia, hyperopia, and accommodation.